Evolving Trends in Consortium Blockchain and Energy Consumption: A Bibliometric Perspective on Consensus Mechanisms

Abstract

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of blockchain technology, with particular emphasis on energy consumption, consortium blockchain models, data storage mechanisms, and security considerations. Recognized for its decentralized architecture, blockchain has emerged as a transformative technology across diverse industries, offering enhanced transparency, security, and operational efficiency. The analysis draws on scholarly publications indexed in two prominent databases, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), spanning 14 years from 2010 to 2024. Using the R-based bibliometric tool "Biblioshiny," the study evaluates a dataset comprising 506 documents from 319 distinct sources. Contributions from 1,360 unique authors generated 1,329 author-specific keywords and referenced a total of 6,678 sources, yielding an average of 12.58 citations per document. The findings reveal a substantial volume of scientific output originating from China, underscoring its prominent role in advancing blockchain research. Overall, the study highlights the dynamic and collaborative nature of global research efforts in this domain, while identifying key trends and influential contributors.